What is the focus of Differential Reinforcement of Alternate Behaviors (DRA)?

Differential Reinforcement of Alternative Behaviors (DRA) is centered on reinforcing an appropriate alternative behavior while simultaneously reducing the occurrence of an undesirable behavior. The key concept here is that instead of merely trying to extinguish an unwanted behavior, which can be challenging, DRA encourages the individual to engage in a functionally equivalent, acceptable behavior.

For instance, if a child frequently shouts to get attention, a practitioner might reinforce the child for raising their hand instead. By doing so, the focus is on promoting positive behaviors that serve the same purpose (like gaining attention), thus making it more likely that the child will choose the appropriate behavior over the inappropriate one. This method not only addresses the unwanted behavior but also teaches the individual a more suitable way to meet their needs.

The other options do not align with the DRA approach. Reinforcing inappropriate behaviors goes against the fundamental objectives of behavior modification. Eliminating all behaviors is impractical and not a goal within behavioral strategies. Ignoring previous behaviors alone would not provide the necessary guidance or teaching for alternative behaviors, potentially leaving the individual without an effective means of communication or self-expression.